Smart schools are educational institutions that leverage advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and adaptive learning to enhance both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of teaching and learning processes. This study examines the essential requirements, trends, and structural frameworks for establishing smart schools at the primary education level. Drawing upon reputable international research, it proposes strategies for the successful implementation of smart schools. The research employs a systematic literature review following the PRISMA approach, supplemented by thematic analysis.
During the initial search phase, keywords such as "primary school," "artificial intelligence," "smart school," "teacher," "student," and "administrator" were used to retrieve 610 articles from seven reputable databases, including IEEE, Science Direct, Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, and Scopus. After importing RIS files, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied based on thematic relevance, publication timeframe (2019–2024), and focus on primary education and smart schools. Following full-text screening, 28 high-quality and thematically relevant articles were selected for final analysis.
The findings highlight four key components crucial for establishing smart schools: (1) technological infrastructure, (2) teacher preparedness, (3) student empowerment, and (4) managerial competencies, each of which is elaborated in the paper. Additionally, the results indicate that the success of smart schools depends on an integrated approach combining cutting-edge technology, intelligent educational planning, and sustained investment in professional development.